Glucuronolactone is a naturally occuring compound in many plant gums that has been shown to improve memory retention and concentration as well as acting as a stimulant. Glucuronolactone is purported to fight fatigue and provide a sense of well-being.
There was a very popular urban myth that claimed the United States Government created Glucuronolactone and gave it to the soldiers of the Vietnam era to provide them with energy and a feeling of well-being. Though this story is entertaining and interesting, it is only an urban legend.